feat: 信标设备绑定 + 蓝牙模式管理 + 系统管理增强 + 数据导出

- 新增 DeviceBeaconBinding 模型，信标-设备多对多绑定 CRUD
- 蓝牙打卡模式批量配置/恢复正常模式 API
- 反向同步: 查询设备 BTMACSET 配置更新数据库绑定 (独立 session 解决事务隔离)
- 设备列表快捷操作弹窗修复 (fire-and-forget IIFE 替代阻塞轮询)
- 保存按钮防抖: 围栏/信标绑定保存点击后 disabled + 转圈防重复提交
- 审计日志中间件 + 系统配置/备份/固件 API
- 设备分组管理 + 告警规则配置
- 5个数据导出 API (CSV UTF-8 BOM)
- 位置热力图 + 告警条件删除 + 位置清理

via [HAPI](https://hapi.run)

Co-Authored-By: HAPI <noreply@hapi.run>

app/routers/alert_rules.py

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+"""
+Alert Rules Router - 告警规则配置接口
+API endpoints for alert rule CRUD operations.
+"""
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.database import get_db
+from app.dependencies import require_write
+from app.models import AlertRule
+from app.schemas import (
+    APIResponse,
+    AlertRuleCreate,
+    AlertRuleResponse,
+    AlertRuleUpdate,
+)
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/alert-rules", tags=["Alert Rules / 告警规则"])
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "",
+    response_model=APIResponse[list[AlertRuleResponse]],
+    summary="获取告警规则列表 / List alert rules",
+)
+async def list_rules(db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
+    """获取所有告警规则。"""
+    result = await db.execute(select(AlertRule).order_by(AlertRule.id))
+    rules = list(result.scalars().all())
+    return APIResponse(data=[AlertRuleResponse.model_validate(r) for r in rules])
+
+
+@router.post(
+    "",
+    response_model=APIResponse[AlertRuleResponse],
+    status_code=201,
+    summary="创建告警规则 / Create alert rule",
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_write)],
+)
+async def create_rule(body: AlertRuleCreate, db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
+    """创建新告警规则。"""
+    rule = AlertRule(
+        name=body.name,
+        rule_type=body.rule_type,
+        conditions=body.conditions,
+        is_active=body.is_active,
+        device_ids=body.device_ids,
+        group_id=body.group_id,
+        description=body.description,
+    )
+    db.add(rule)
+    await db.flush()
+    await db.refresh(rule)
+    return APIResponse(data=AlertRuleResponse.model_validate(rule))
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/{rule_id}",
+    response_model=APIResponse[AlertRuleResponse],
+    summary="获取告警规则详情 / Get alert rule",
+)
+async def get_rule(rule_id: int, db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
+    """获取告警规则详情。"""
+    result = await db.execute(select(AlertRule).where(AlertRule.id == rule_id))
+    rule = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    if not rule:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=f"规则 {rule_id} 不存在")
+    return APIResponse(data=AlertRuleResponse.model_validate(rule))
+
+
+@router.put(
+    "/{rule_id}",
+    response_model=APIResponse[AlertRuleResponse],
+    summary="更新告警规则 / Update alert rule",
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_write)],
+)
+async def update_rule(
+    rule_id: int, body: AlertRuleUpdate, db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)
+):
+    """更新告警规则。"""
+    result = await db.execute(select(AlertRule).where(AlertRule.id == rule_id))
+    rule = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    if not rule:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=f"规则 {rule_id} 不存在")
+    update_data = body.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)
+    for k, v in update_data.items():
+        setattr(rule, k, v)
+    await db.flush()
+    await db.refresh(rule)
+    return APIResponse(data=AlertRuleResponse.model_validate(rule))
+
+
+@router.delete(
+    "/{rule_id}",
+    response_model=APIResponse,
+    summary="删除告警规则 / Delete alert rule",
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_write)],
+)
+async def delete_rule(rule_id: int, db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
+    """删除告警规则。"""
+    result = await db.execute(select(AlertRule).where(AlertRule.id == rule_id))
+    rule = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    if not rule:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=f"规则 {rule_id} 不存在")
+    await db.delete(rule)
+    await db.flush()
+    return APIResponse(message="规则已删除")